Fibromyalgia: Symptoms, Causes and When to Seek Help

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition in which the nervous system becomes more sensitive to sensory input. This can lead to pain that is more widespread and intense than would be expected from the underlying tissues. It is not caused by joint damage or a single identifiable disease process.

Symptoms may include widespread muscle and joint pain, marked fatigue, poor sleep quality, memory or concentration difficulties (sometimes called 'fibro fog'), headaches, and increased sensitivity to noise, light or temperature. Symptoms can vary from person to person and often fluctuate over time.

The exact cause is not fully understood. Risk factors can include female sex, family history, previous physical or emotional trauma, ongoing stress, poor sleep and other chronic conditions. It often begins in middle adulthood but can affect younger people as well.

Medical assessment is recommended for widespread pain and fatigue that lasts more than three months and is not explained by another condition. Assessment can help distinguish fibromyalgia from other causes of similar symptoms and guide appropriate management.